实际上,CASE语句具有IF-THEN-ELSE语句的功能。它具有以下语法-
CASE
WHEN condition_1 THEN
{...statements to execute when condition_1 is TRUE...}
[ WHEN condition_2 THEN
{...statements to execute when condition_2 is TRUE...} ]
[ WHEN condition_n THEN
{...statements to execute when condition_n is TRUE...} ]
[ ELSE
{...statements to execute when all conditions were FALSE...} ]
END CASE;如果没有执行任何WHEN子句,则CASE语句将执行ELSE子句。
为了演示CASE 语句在MySQL存储过程中的使用,我们基于以下名为“ student_info”的表的值创建以下存储过程-
mysql> Select * from student_info; +------+---------+------------+------------+ | id | Name | Address | Subject | +------+---------+------------+------------+ | 101 | YashPal | Amritsar | History | | 105 | Gaurav | Jaipur | Literature | | 125 | Raman | Shimla | Computers | +------+---------+------------+------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
以下查询将创建一个名为“ coursedetails_CASE”的过程,该过程中具有CASE语句-
mysql> Delimiter // mysql> CREATE PROCEDURE coursedetails_CASE(IN S_subject Varchar(20), OUT S_Course Varchar(50)) -> BEGIN -> DECLARE SUB VArchar(20); -> SELECT SUBJECT INTO Sub -> FROM Student_Info WHERE S_Subject = Subject; -> CASE S_Subject WHEN 'Computers' THEN -> SET S_Course = 'B.Tech(CSE)’; -> WHEN 'History' THEN -> SET S_Course = 'Masters in History'; -> WHEN 'Literature' THEN -> SET S_Course = 'Masters in English'; -> ELSE -> SET S_Course = 'Subject not in the table'; -> END CASE ; -> END //
现在,当我们调用此过程时,我们可以看到以下结果:
mysql> DELIMITER ;
mysql> CALL coursedetails_CASE ('Computers', @S_course);
mysql> Select @S_Course;
+-------------+
| @S_Course |
+-------------+
| B.Tech(CSE) |
+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> CALL coursedetails_CASE ('literature', @S_course);
mysql> Select @S_Course;
+--------------------+
| @S_Course |
+--------------------+
| Masters in English |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> CALL coursedetails_CASE ('Math', @S_course);
mysql> Select @S_Course;
+--------------------------------+
| @S_Course |
+--------------------------------+
| Subject Not in the table |
+--------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> CALL coursedetails_CASE ('History', @S_course);
mysql> Select @S_Course;
+--------------------+
| @S_Course |
+--------------------+
| Masters in History |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)