在Java中将一种数据类型转换为另一种数据类型称为转换。
向上转换-如果将较高的数据类型转换为较低的数据类型,则称为缩小(将较高的数据类型值分配给较低的数据类型变量)。
import java.util.Scanner;
public class NarrowingExample {
public static void main(String args[]){
char ch = (char) 67;
System.out.println("Character value of the given integer: "+ch);
}
}输出结果
Character value of the given integer: C
向下转换-如果将较低的数据类型转换为较高的数据类型,则称为扩展(将较低的数据类型值分配给较高的数据类型变量)。
public class WideningExample {
public static void main(String args[]){
char ch = 'C';
int i = ch;
System.out.println(i);
}
}输出结果
Integer value of the given character: 67
同样,您也可以将一种类型的对象强制转换/转换为其他类型。但是这两个类应该处于继承关系中。然后,
如果将超类转换为子类类型,则在引用方面将其称为缩小(子类引用变量包含超类的对象)。
Sub sub = (Sub)new Super();
如果将子类转换为超类类型,则在引用方面被称为扩展(超类引用变量保存子类的对象)。
Super sup = new Sub();
以下Java程序演示了如何上下转换同一对象。
class Person{
public String name;
public int age;
Person(){}
public Person(String name, int age){
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public void displayPerson() {
System.out.println("Data of the Person class: ");
System.out.println("Name: "+this.name);
System.out.println("Age: "+this.age);
}
}
public class Student extends Person {
public String branch;
public int Student_id;
Student(){}
public Student(String name, int age, String branch, int Student_id){
super(name, age);
this.branch = branch;
this.Student_id = Student_id;
}
public void displayStudent() {
System.out.println("Data of the Student class: ");
System.out.println("Name: "+super.name);
System.out.println("Age: "+super.age);
System.out.println("Branch: "+this.branch);
System.out.println("Student ID: "+this.Student_id);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Person person = new Person();
Student student = new Student("Krishna", 20, "IT", 1256);
//向上转换
person = student;
person.displayPerson(); //only super class methods
//下铸件
student = (Student) person;
student.displayPerson();
student.displayStudent();
}
}输出结果
Data of the Person class: Name: Krishna Age: 20 Data of the Person class: Name: Krishna Age: 20 Data of the Student class: Name: Krishna Age: 20 Branch: IT Student ID: 1256