子表达式/元字符“ \ E ”以\ Q开头的引用结束。即,您可以通过将它们放在\ Q和\ E之间来转义正则表达式中的元字符。例如,表达式[aeiou]匹配其中带有元音字母的字符串。
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
public class SampleProgram {
public static void main( String args[] ) {
String regex = "[aeiou]";
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter input string: ");
String input = sc.nextLine();
//创建一个Pattern对象
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(regex);
Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(input);
if(matcher.find()) {
System.out.println("Match occurred");
}else {
System.out.println("Match not occurred");
}
}
}输出结果
Enter input string: sample Match occurred
但是,如果您在\ Q和\ E中使用与\ Q [aeiou] \ E 相同的表达式,则它将匹配给定字符串中相同的字符序列“ [aeiou]”。简而言之,元字符失去了意义,将被视为普通字符。
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
public class SampleProgram {
public static void main( String args[] ) {
String regex = "\\Q[aeiou]\\E";
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter input string: ");
String input = sc.nextLine();
//创建一个Pattern对象
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(regex);
Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(input);
if(matcher.find()) {
System.out.println("Match occurred");
} else {
System.out.println("Match not occurred");
}
}
}Enter input string: sample Match not occurred
Enter input string: The letters [aeiou] are vowels in English alphabet Match occurred