快速分类基于分而治之。该算法的平均时间复杂度为O(n * log(n)),但最坏情况下的复杂度为O(n ^ 2)。为了减少最坏情况的发生,此处使用随机化来实现Quicksort。
Begin pivot = h Index = l start = l and end = h while start < end do while a[start] <= pivot AND start < end do start = start +1 done while a[end] > pivot do end = end – 1 done if start < end then swap a[start] with a[end] done a[low] = a[end] a[end] = pivot return end End
Begin n = rand() pivot = l + n%(h-l+1); Swap a[h] with a[pivot] return Partition(a, l, h) End
Begin int pindex; If (l<h) pindex = RandomPivotPartition(a, l, h) QuickSort(a, l, pindex-1) QuickSort(a, pindex+1, h) return 0 End
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdlib>
using namespace std;
void swap(int *a, int *b) {
int temp;
temp = *a;
*a = *b;
*b = temp;
}
int Partition(int a[], int l, int h) {
int pivot, index, i;
index = l;
pivot = h;
for(i = l; i < h; i++) {
if(a[i] < a[pivot]) {
swap(&a[i], &a[index]);
index++;
}
}
swap(&a[pivot], &a[index]);
return index;
}
int RandomPivotPartition(int a[], int l, int h) {
int pvt, n, temp;
n = rand();
pvt = l + n%(h-l+1);
swap(&a[h], &a[pvt]);
return Partition(a, l, h);
}
int QuickSort(int a[], int l, int h) {
int pindex;
if(l < h) {
pindex = RandomPivotPartition(a, l, h);
QuickSort(a, l, pindex-1);
QuickSort(a, pindex+1, h);
}
return 0;
}
int main() {
int n, i;
cout<<"\nEnter the number of data element to be sorted: ";
cin>>n;
int arr[n];
for(i = 0; i < n; i++) {
cout<<"Enter element "<<i+1<<": ";
cin>>arr[i];
}
QuickSort(arr, 0, n-1);
cout<<"\nSorted Data ";
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
cout<<"->"<<arr[i];
return 0;
}输出结果
Enter the number of data element to be sorted: 4 Enter element 1: 3 Enter element 2: 4 Enter element 3: 7 Enter element 4: 6 Sorted Data ->3->4->6->7